Abstract: Swertia mussotii Franch. is a traditional Tibetan medical herb, widely used for the treament of liver disease. Nowadays, the natural resource is very deficient in quantity to meet, the need so the cultivation of Swertia mussotii Franch. instead of wild Swertia mussotii Franch. is a practical way. Through the comparison of the various contents of components in Swertia mussotii Franch. between the cultivated and the wild, we can determine whether or not the cultivated can substitute the wild. In this paper, the comparison of twenty mineral elements and eighteen amino acids in the cultivated and the wild Swertia mussotii Franch. has been carried out,which suggests that the contents of the twenty mineral elements of the wild are all higher than the cultivated, while the contents of eighteen amino acids of the cultivated are higher than that of the wild.