Abstract: The technology of capillary electrophoresis has been widely used in the field of biological macromolecular analysis in recent years because of its advantages such as high separation efficiency, small injection volume and diverse separation modes. The application of the capillary electrophoresis in the fields of biological macromolecules, such as polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, were reviewed. And the problems related to this technology, such as sample preparation, capillary wall adsorption, instrument reproducibility and sensitivity, were analyzed and prospected. The purpose is to provide a reference for the application of the technology of capillary electrophoresis in the field of biological macromolecular analysis.