Abstract: The ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) method has been applied to the extraction of Anoectocilus roxburghii(A.roxburghii) and the extraction conditions were optimized in this study. A method of HPLC-DAD was developed for the simultaneous identification and determination of gastrodine and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. Results showed that the contents of gastrodine and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol from A.roxburghii were 1.430 mg/g and 0.562 mg/g, and relative standard deviations were 0.94% and 0.25% respectively. The proposed method is simple, accurate, rapid and reproducible.